YAUM- Contradistinctions
"Yaum": 24 hours - day and night.
"AL-YAUM": Today, Day from sunrise to sunset.
"YAUMAIZIN": This Day, That Day.
"SAA-ATUN": Any moment of time from day or night, Time Period, The Moment (Day ) of Resurrection.
"AANAA'A": Moments in the night
"ZULF": Earlier part of time, its earlier moments
"WAQT or MEEQAAT ": The appointed time or place.
"HIINUN": Time not appointed (open)
"AAN or AL-AAN": Now, This time.
"AANIFAA": Just now, Immediately, Before this time
"AJALA”: The intervening time between now and the appointed time.
"DAHAR”: Time from the creation of the universe till its end process.
"ASR": Time from the creation of man till the Day of Resurrection.
"QARN": Any Epoch or Eon or people of that time
"HUQBAH": Long time , 80 years or more time.
"RAIBUL MANUUN": (Happenings ) Accidents of time.
(Mutaraadifaatul Quran, Abdur-Rahmaan Kailani).
"DAHAR": Eternal duration (F. Steingass)
Endless time (J.G.Hava)

In Arabic the word Yaum is used to denote time or epoch which may extend from a day to any length of time whether year, century, millenium or more :

"Say: 'Do you verily, disbelieve in Him,Who (Allah) created the earth in two Days?"

"Ibn Abbas said, "Yawm ad-Diin is the Day of Recompense for the creatures, meaning the Day of Judgement. On that Day, Allah will reckon the creation for their deeds, evil for evil , good for good, except for those whom He pardons… In addition, several other Companions, Taabi'in and scholars of the Salaf, said similarly, for this meaning is apparent and clear from the Ayah." (Page 75, Vol-I, Ibn Kathir).